丹江口库区水土保持的生态服务功能价值估算研究

EVALUATION ON ECOLOGICAL SERVICE VALUE OF SOIL AND WATER CONSERVATION MEASURES IN DANJIANGKOU RESERVOIR AREA

在特定尺度和区域范围内,运用环境经济学理论和方法,定量评估了规划实施的丹江口库区水土保持近期项目的生态服务功能价值。结果表明:水土保持生态建设近期项目全部发挥效用后,全年生态服务价值总量为32.74亿元,其中,保持和涵养水源价值为4.48亿元,水污染防治价值7.91亿元,保持和改良土壤10.27亿元,固碳供氧价值3.14亿元,净化空气价值3.52亿元,维持生物多样性价值3.41亿元。在各项价值中,保持与改良土壤、水污染防治价值最为突出,是水土保持生态价值的主要体现。从机会成本角度分析,水土保持生态建设项目实施的年成本为2.39亿元,生态服务功能价值为成本的13.69倍,建设项目预期生态经济效益非常显著。研究结果可为远期规划项目生态效益定量评价提供借鉴,为水源区生态补偿机制的建立提供理论依据。

Ecological service value of soil and water conservation measures planed to execute in Danjiangkou reservoir area was quantitatively estimated by applying basic principles and methodology of environmental economics.Results show that the total ecological service value brought by short-term soil loss control project was evaluated about 3.274 billion Yuan per year.The total value was composed by different types of ecological service value,including water resource conservation value 0.448 billion Yuan,prevention and cure of water pollution value 0.791 billion Yuan,soils losses prevention value 1.027 billion Yuan,carbon sequestration oxygen release value 0.314 billion Yuan,air purification value 0.352 billion Yuan,biodiversity conservation value 0.341 billion Yuan.Hence,the value of soils losses prevention,water pollution prevention and cure was the most important ecological service value from soil and water conservation measures in study area.Moreover,the annual cost of the water conservation measures was about 0.239 billion Yuan on the basis of opportunity analysis,indicating that the anticipated eco-economic benefit of the project was obvious,and the ecosystem service value was 13.69 times as much as the cost.The result in this paper could provide some reference for quantitative ecological value analysis of long-term ecological construction project.Also,it could be used as theoretical foundation to carry on ecological compensation system in water source region.