论秦早期的文化转型

On cultural transformation of the early Qin

"绝地天通"的改革是在颛顼的主持下进行的,而秦的先祖是颛顼之后;商人以崇鬼重巫而著名,秦文化和商文化有密切的关系;秦先祖中衍"鸟身人言",与《山海经》中的句芒形象相似,而《山海经》和巫术有关。这些都显示秦在商代及其以前可能经历过一个巫术兴盛的时代。从西周到春秋初期,受周文化的影响,秦经历了一个文化转型,巫术文化的主导地位被史官文化所取代。史官文化的发展增强了秦的政治理性和历史意识,推动了秦国社会的飞速发展。但巫术文化在秦仍有较多的残留,使秦文化表现出更多的神秘性。

The forefathers of Qin are decedents of Zhuan Xu, who guided the ＂ juedi tongtian＂ retorm, the merchants at that time are famous for worshipping ghosts and valuing sorcery, so the Qin and Shang shares close cultural connections. The similar legendary images of Zhong Yan, forefather of Qin, and Ju Mang in Shan Hal Ching, which involes sorcery, probably indicates the prosperity of Qin＇ s sorcery before Shang Dynasty. Influenced by Zhou culture, Qin culture undertakes cultural transformation from West Zhou to Spring and Autumn Period, replacing the dominent position of sorcery with official historian culture. The development of which strengthened Qin＇ s political rationale and historical consciouness, propelling the speedy advancement of Qin＇ s society, leaving much traces of sorcery and bringing about much mysterious flavor to Qin culture.