中国农村沼气持续发展存在的问题与技术对策

Problems in Sustainable Rural-biogas Development in China and the Technical Countermeasures

农村沼气量大面广,是需要多学科交叉"精确设计、精准建设、精细管理"的系统工程。目前存在的主要问题是:系统缺乏精确设计和科学配套,建设质量缺乏监管和竣工检验,沼气启动缺乏合理配料和指导,日常管理缺乏长效的服务机制,技术和管理人员缺乏专业培训。为使沼气持续发展和长效运行,相应的技术对策为:精确设计科学配套,精准建设确保质量,吐故纳新增强动力,整体保温提高效率,动态发酵精细管理,综合利用长效发展,科技支撑引领发展。

Rural-biogas in China is enormous in quantity and wide range,and it is interdisciplinary,needing a system engineering constituted by strict design,construction,and management.The current existing problem mainly include lack of accurate design and supporting facility,quality supervision and inspection,digester starting up guide,and lack of long-term daily management mechanism,professional training for technology and management personnel.Countermeasures for these problems were discussed in this paper.