铸造起重机主小车架底板裂损研究

Research on crack damage on the bottom plates of main trolley frame of ladle crane

由于工艺的要求,铸造起重机的主小车架尺寸一般较大,这给其设计、使用和维护带来一定困难。针对某铸造起重机主小车架底板开裂的现状,采用有限元法对其满载工况进行了计算,发现底板开裂部位的确是应力较大的地方,但其应力水平远未达到材料的屈服极限。通过现场应力测试,发现在主小车运行的初始阶段,横梁方向出现一个很大的应力突变,分析该应力突变是由主小车啃轨产生的,由此得出底板开裂的真正原因。

Because of the process demand,the main trolley frame of the ladle crane is much bigger,which brings some difficulties to design,usage and maintenance.In allusion to the cracking situation of the main trolley frame of the ladle cranes,finite element analysis method was carried on as it is full loads.It is found that the cracking position of bottom plate is the place where the stress is bigger,but the stress is much lower than the yield limit of material.Then the stress testing was carried on in the facture.A large stress was found along the beam direction at the beginning of the trolley running.Such stress mutation is caused by skew traveling,which is the cause of the cracking of bottom plate.