李白的精神世界

The Spirit World of Li Bai

自我、自由、欲望是李白诗歌的三个主题,也是理解李白精神世界的三个关键词语。李白诗中的自我,由现实自我、幻想自我Ⅰ、幻想自我Ⅱ的三重结构组成,并通过这三种自我形象的连接,对其后的思想资源加以统合。李白在与人生困境的抗争中,以各种方式表达自己的自由意愿,传达对自由经验的向往。这种对自由经验的向往,成为其诗歌感染力、震撼力的源泉。李白诗歌的欲望主题则包含了真实的生命冲动,指向他所向往的自由经验。诗人的其他政治幻想、超现实幻想都因与这个感性层次的联系,而有了活跃的源头。作为一个抒情诗人,李白的最伟大之处就在于,在一个总的来讲缺乏自由的时代,用一种非常强烈的形式表达了人类与生固有的对自由的向往,表达了即使在环境强烈压抑下这种自由欲望如何搏动而不曾妥协。这正是李白诗歌的主题,也是人类文学最重要的主题。正是这一主题将李白与后代无数读者联系在一起,使李白成为人们心底里最喜爱、最倾倒的诗人。与这种自由主题相应,李白诗在形式上也具有最大的自由感(就古典诗歌范围而言)。所有这一切综合起来,便构成了作为中国诗歌史上一个特例的伟大诗人,一个无法模仿的伟大诗人。

Ego,freedom and desire are the three themes of LiBai＇s poetry,and also the three key words of understanding Li Bai＇s spirit world.The ego in his poetry is composed of realistic ego,illusion ego I and illusion ego II,and through the linking of these three ego images,it combines his later idea resources.In his conflict with life＇s predicament,Li Bai in various methods expresses his free intention,and his desire for free experience,which becomes the resource of his poetry with moving and touching forces.The theme of desire in Li Bai＇s poetry contains the real life impulse indicating his free experience for which he has been longing.The other political illusion and surreal illusion have an active origin because they have connection with this affective level.