输血加温器在手术中应用的护理与观察

Blood transfusion heating element in the surgery application nursing and observation

目的：探讨麻醉手术过程中的低体温的护理对策及观察术中输入加温液体对术中患者低体温、寒颤等不良反应的预防作用.方法：选择急诊宫外孕破裂失血术中需大量输液患者40例,随机分为两组,A1术中加温输液组20例,A2组术中输注冷液体20例.记录术中两组发生寒颤患者的个数,加温输血部位是否有局部胀痛感,患者自身感觉是否舒适,以及患者肛温是否低于36℃,末梢循环恢复时间.记录结果采用t检验法和确切概率法处理,有统计学显著差异P〈0.05.结果： A1组患者的寒颤发生率（15%）输液的局部胀痛感发生率（5%）均显著低于A2组患者（50%,30%）（P〈0.05）,A1组患者术毕肛温平均值为36.3±0.2℃,有3例患者肛温低于36℃,占同组15%,而A2组中有19例患者肛温＜36℃,占同组95%;A1组有15例患者自身感觉较舒适显著高于A2组5例（P〈0.05）.A1组患者指端末梢循环恢复时间明显短于A2组（P〈0.05）.结论： 输注加温液体能有效预防手术患者的低温和寒颤,值得在临床中推荐.

Objective：Discusses in the anaesthesia surgery process in the low body temperature nursing countermeasure and the observation technique inputs the warming liquid to the technique in the patient low body temperature, trembles the prevention function which and so on responded not good. Methods：Chooses outside the emergency medical treatment palace to be pregnant the breakage to lose blood in the technique to need the massive infusion patient 40 examples,divides into two groups stochastically, in the A1 technique heats up the infusion group 20 examples,in the A2 group technique the infusion cold liquid 20 examples. In the recording technique two groups occur tremble patient＇s integer, the warming blood transfusion spot whether has the partial painfully swollen feel ing,patlent oneself felt whether comfortably, as well as patient anus warm whether is lower than 36℃, the end circulation restores the time. The recording result uses the t inspection method and accurate probability law processing, has statistics remarkable difference P d0.05. Results：The A1 group patients tremble the formation rate （15%） infusion partial painfully swollen feeling formation rate （5%） obviously to be lower than A2 group patient （50% ,30%）（P〈0.05） ,AI group patient technique Bi Gangwen the mean value for 36.3% 0.2℃ ,some 3 example patient anus warm is lower than 36℃ ,accounts for group 15% ,hut in the A2 group has 19 example patient anus warm 36℃ ,accounts for group 95% ;The A1 group has 15 example patient own feeling to be comfortable obviously is higher than the A2 group 5 examples （P〈0.05）. The A1 group patients refer to the end end circulation to restore the time obviously short in the A2 group （P〈0.05）. Conclusion：The infusion warming liquid can prevent the surgery patient＇s low temperature effectively and tremble, is worth in recommending clinically.