DRAD:一种基于异步休眠调度的无线传感器网络数据收集协议

DRAD:A Data Collection Algorithm Based on Asynchronous Duty-Cycle in Wireless Sensor Networks

数据收集是无线传感器网络的基本功能之一,被大量应用到环境监测。如何降低网络能耗、延长网络生命周期是环境监测中数据收集的首要问题。大多数应用都选择使用休眠调度,通过监听空闲侦听的时间来节省能量,而这通常是在MAC层进行。本文则在网络层路由中考虑休眠调度的影响,将路由和休眠调度综合起来考虑,提出了一种基于异步休眠调度的无线传感器网络数据收集协议DRAD。DRAD通过异步休眠调度避免了时间同步的消耗,节点只需维护与邻居节点间的时间差,通过顺带时间差修正机制解决时间偏移问题,降低了能量开销。实验用占空比来衡量系统能量消耗,结果显示DRAD可以稳定在预先设定的占空比,有效降低网络能耗,延长网络寿命。

Data collection is one of the basic functions of wireless sensor networks and has been applied to environmental monitoring. How to reduce power consumption and prolong the network lifetime is the frontier issue. This paper proposes DRAD, a data collection routing algorithm based on asynchronous duty cycle in wireless sensor networks. The asyn- chronous duty-cycle avoids the consumption caused by time synchronization. Nodes only maintain the time differences from neighbors. So the network lifetime can be significantly prolonged through the asynchronous duty-cycle. The duty cycles is used to measure energy consumption in experiments. The results show that DRAD performs in a stable range of low duty cycles and is effective in minimizing energy consumption and prolonging network lifetime.