端粒酶hTR基因在口腔癌前病变及鳞癌中的表达

Research on expression of telomerase hTR gene in oral precancerous lesion and squamous cell carcinoma

目的探讨端粒酶ｈＴＲ基因在口腔癌前病变及鳞癌中的表达。方法用原位杂交技术检测８２例标本，其中正常口腔粘膜７例，上皮单纯性增生７例，上皮异常增生３０例，原位癌、鳞癌３８例。结果正常口腔粘膜及上皮单纯性增生组织中ｈＴＲ表达较弱，阳性细胞主要位于基底层，检出率２８．５６％（４／１４）。癌前病变中随着异常增生程度的增加，ｈＴＲ表达逐渐增强，阳性细胞逐步由基底层向棘层波及，检出率６０％（１８／３０）。原位癌及鳞癌均有较强的ｈＴＲ表达，检出率为８１．５８％（３１／３８）。结论端粒酶的激活可能出现在口腔癌前病变的晚期阶段，在口腔鳞癌的形成过程中起了关键性作用。

Objective The aim of present study was to investigate the expression of telomerase hTR gene in oral precancerous lesion and squamous cell carcinoma. Methods 82 cases were detected by in situ hybridization technique for hTR gene,including 7 cases of normal oral mucosa,7 cases of hyperplasia lesions,30 cases of oral precancerous lesions(dysplasia lesion),38 cases of oral squamous cell carcinomas. Results Weaker signal of hTR gene expression was observed in normal oral mucosa and hyperplasia lesions,positive cell were present in basal layer,hTR positivity was 28.56%(4 of 14).The expression of hTR gene in the precancerous lesions was gradually strong associated with phenotypic progression and the degree of dysplasia;positive cell extended from basal layer to multilayered epithelium,hTR positivity was 60%(18 of 30).Strong hTR expression was observed in squamous cell carcinoma,the positivity was 81.58%(31 of 38). Conclusion Telomerase is activated frequently during the late stage of oral precancerous lesion and may play a crucial role in oral squamous cell carcinogenesis.