国际儿童营养政策的发展历程及其启示

The history and inspiration of international children nutrition policy development

儿童营养问题是困扰发展中国家的重大公共卫生问题。儿童营养政策经历了早期跨部门营养计划、"营养孤立主义"和以战略目标为导向的营养行动三个时期。在总结归纳儿童营养政策发展历程的基础上,我们结合一些发展中国家在基础营养项目等国际项目和本国营养计划中加强政治承诺、整合政策措施等的做法,对我国制定儿童营养政策提出对策,如制定国家营养战略要注意的方面,从干预人群、干预项目的选择和加强营养政策或项目的执行等方面完善营养项目的设计。

Children nutrition issue is a significant public health challenge faced in developing countries. Children nutrition policy had been developed into three stages,such as inter-sectional nutrition planning in early time,nutrition isolationism and strategic goals oriented nutrition activities. On the basis of summing up the progresses of children nutrition development,we summarized some measures including public policies in international programs such as basic nutrition program and national nutrition planning in developing countries,the strong political commitments in China,and the integrated nutrition policies. We put forward countermeasures on children nutrition policy in following aspects to such as establishing national nutrition strategies and modifying nutrition programs by identifying the targeting group,the program design and strengthen the implementation.