我国宪法解释方法:一种理论分析

The Method of Constitutional Interpretation in China:A Theoretical Analysis

高度原则性和概括性,甚至政治性和意识形态性的宪法规范需要不同于普通法律的解释。而且立法机关的宪法解释也应有别于司法机关的宪法解释,因此,后者必须保持超然的中立立场。我国宪法解释追求立法原意的理论定位,存在着寻找原意困难和脱离解释语境的问题。为此,我国宪法解释应服从于解释目的和解释意义,把维护国家的根本制度,实现国家的根本任务奉为圭臬。

Because constitutional norms are highly principled and general, and even political and ideological, constitutional interpretation is different from the interpretation of ordinary law. Moreover constitutional interpretation by legislature and by judicature should be unlike. The latter must remain neutrality. The constitutional interpretation in China aims at seeking legislation＇ s original intent theoretically, which causes two problems： one is the difficulty in finding the original intent and the other is the interpretation out of context. We should regard upholding the country＇s fundamental system and achieving the country＇ s fundamental task as a model of constitutional interpretation in China, and we should take interpretation goal and significance into consideration.