番石榴腐烂果对桔小实蝇的引诱作用及挥发物化学成分分析

Attraction of Decayed Guava Fruits to the Oriental Fruit Fly and Chemical Compounds of the Volatiles from the Fruit

利用网室测试了番石榴Psidium guajava L.完全成熟果和腐烂果对桔小实蝇Bactrocera dorsalis(Hendel)性成熟与性未成熟的雌、雄成虫的引诱作用,采用固相微萃取法(SPME)和气质联用(GC-MS)技术对2种类型番石榴果实的挥发性物质进行了分析.结果表明,2种番石榴果实对性成熟与性未成熟的雌、雄成虫均有引诱作用,但腐烂果显著高于完全成熟果.完全成熟果和腐烂果共检测和鉴定出30种挥发物,其中,乙酸乙酯、α-??烯和β-石竹烯3种为两者所共有,但相对含量不同,如乙酸乙酯在腐烂果中的相对含量为59.85%,而在完全成熟果中只有3.22%;有己醛等14种化合物只在完全成熟果中检出,另外有乙酸等13种化合物只在腐烂果中检出.

The attraction of volatiles between the decayed and normal fully ripened guava,Psidium guajava L.,fruit to the oriental fruit fly,Bactrocera dorsalis（Hendel）,were studied by using olfactometer in laboratory.The results showed that the decayed guava fruit had significantly higher attracting ability to both immature and mature male and female adult than the normal fully ripened fruit.The analysis of the volatiles from two types of guava fruit were identified by solid phase microextraction（SPME） and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry（GC-MS）.Thirty volatiles were detected,but only three of them（ethyl acetate,α-copane,β-caryophyllene） were the same in two types of guava fruits,and they had different relative content.The relative content of ethyl acetate was 59.85% in the decayed fruit,while 3.22% in the fully ripened fruit.Moreover,fourteen more volatiles were detected in the normal fully ripened fruits and thirteen more volatiles in decayed fruits.