风对BL-1A型增雨防雹火箭弹道的影响及修正

Effect of Winds on Trajectory of BL-1A Hail-Suppressing/ Rain-Enhancing Rockets and Its Correction

当风速较大时,BL-1A型增雨防雹火箭发射后的飞行轨迹与厂家提供的火箭弹弹道曲线相差很大。火箭顺风发射飞行时,风使火箭弹体仰角抬高,逆风发射时,风使火箭弹体仰角降低;右侧侧风将使弹体向右侧滑,左侧侧风将使弹体向左侧滑,对出膛后火箭飞行方位角产生影响;火箭飞行中还会随风漂移。使火箭不能进入云体有效部位播撒作业,影响作业效果,有时甚至超出安全射界,造成安全隐患。结合近几年的作业实践,提出参照BL-1A型火箭标准射角对应的弹道曲线,并根据地面和高低空风向风速情况,通过对发射仰角和方位角的调整来进行风修订,使调整后的发射角保证催化剂开始撒播时的火箭高度、方位满足预定作业要求,自毁点控制在预定范围内。

The actual trajectory of the BL-1A hail-suppressing/rain-enhancing rocket has a major deviation from the curve provided by its manufacturer at high wind speed： the elevation angle of the shell body will increase when the rocket is launched downwind and decrease when the rocket is launched upwind; the shell body will slip rightward when there is crosswind from right side, and slip leftward when there is crosswind from left side. Also, the drifting of rockets in flight at high wind speeds will lead to the failure of rocket seeding into the effective part of the clouds. There are even cases in which rockets went beyond their safe limits, resulting in potential safety problems. A BL-1A rocket ballistic curve corresponding to the standardized angle of departure is presented based on the experiences from operations carried out in recent years, and the wind correction is conducted by adjusting the angle of departure and the azimuth according to the condition of the ground and upper-level wind speed and direction. The revised angle of departure can reach such accuracy that the flying altitude and the direction of the rocket can meet the requirements of the operations when catalyst is being seeded, and its self-destruction point can be controlled within the expected range.