牟宗三视野中的朱子思想

Master Zhu's Thought in the View of Mou Zongsan

牟宗三对朱子思想的研究与其宋明理学的"三系"划分具有密切的关系。他认为,朱子继承伊川开启的儒学转向而创立了"中和新说",确立了心、性、情三分的格局和偏重格物穷理的工夫论。自孔孟而来至宋明儒大宗都将形而上真体理解为"即活动即存有"者,而朱子却将其理解为"只存有不活动"者,由此即有直贯系统与横摄系统之异。牟宗三对朱子的解释和评价建立于其心学立场之上,且有简单化倾向。

Mou Zongsan’s research on the thought of Master Zhu is closely related to his theory dividing Neo-Confucianism in the Song and Ming Dynasties into three schools.As he says,Master Zhu had built the Neo-theory on Mean and Harmony on inheriting the turning of Confucianism by Yichuan.He had established the pattern separated Mind,Nature and Emotion into three independent parts and the theory on Self-effort which stressed on investigation of things to exhaust Principle.Master Zhu looked the metaphysical reality as being but not as the same time activity,different from the thought of the main trend in Confucian from Confucius and Mencius to the Confucians in the Song and Ming Dynasties which always considered it was was both being and activity.Then,there were two systems,one was longitudinal and another lateral.Mou Zongsan’s explain and evaluation come from the school of Mind in which he believes.It is over simplifying many questions.