日本农村直系家庭的历史变迁与女性问题研究

On Historical Vicissitude and Women Problems of Japanese Rural Linear Family

战前日本农村典型的家庭是家长制直系家庭。家长制形成家庭的等级结构和男尊女卑的社会,农村女性被视为男性和家庭的附属物,其在家庭中的地位最为低下。在战后经济社会的变迁演变中,农村家庭构成的主体依然是直系家庭,但维持家庭关系的家长制彻底解体,家庭规范也由家长制演变为民主主义性质的核心家庭规范。战后日本农村直系家庭的重建成为促进农村女性地位提高的积极因素。

The typical rural family in Japanese countryside before war is patriarchy linear family. In family hierarchy and ＂men＇ s superiority to women＂ society, women were regarded as attachment of men and family, and they were in lower status in family. During post -war social transformation, linear family still played a major role in family structure. However, patriarchy was ultimately eliminated, and family standards changed into democratic nuclear family norms. The reestablishment of Japanese linear family in countryside became positive factor in promoting women＇ s position.