英语高阶学习词典语用信息标示研究

Pragmatic Lexical Information Labeling in English ALDs

词语的语用信息特征系指该词语在不同典型语境中使用时的规约化属性或限制。人类跨语言文化进行交流,尤其是面对面实时交际,对词语语用信息特征的学习掌握提出了更高要求。英语作为重要国际通用语的教学,也要求更加重视词汇的语用信息。由于词汇语用学研究和语料库词汇语用信息分析手段的不断进步,英语常用词语的语用信息得到更多揭示和描写。如何在英语高阶学习词典中进行更合理的描写和表征,成为当前教学词典理论研究和编纂实践的一个重要课题。本文对几部高阶英语学习词典中词语的语用信息特征的实际描写,从空间地域、时间跨度和语体变化等三个方面进行了重点梳理,希望能对高阶学习词典中词语语用信息描写的阶段性特征、变化趋势加以总结。

Pragmatic lexical information features of a word or an expression refer to the conventionalized attributes of or constraints on its uses in different typical contexts. Cross-linguistic/cultural communication, especially occurring in faceto-face situation, particularly requires a mastery of pragmatic lexical information of common core words and expressions. Consequently, the teaching of English as a lingua franca needs to place more emphasis on the pragmatic information of words in use. Thanks to the findings of lexical pragmatic studies and the rapid progress of corpus-linguistic analysis of lexical infor- mation, the pragmatic features of common core words and phrases are better captured, revealed, and described. How could these features be better sorted out and more consistently presented in English advanced learner＇s dictionaries （ALDs）？ This is an important question for theoretical inquiries and compiling practice in contemporary pedagogical lexicography. This paper attempts to look into how pragmatic lexical information is generally presented in current English ALDs. Such an objective is approached from three perspectives, i.e. the spatial, the temporal, and the stylistic. It is hoped that the changing trends and the stage-specific characteristics could be depicted of the labeling of pragmatic lexical information in English ALDs.