2008年河北省居民户碘盐供应存在的问题及原因分析

Analysis on problems and possible causes of iodized salt supply at household in Hebei Province in 2008

目的找出2008年河北省居民户碘盐供应问题地区的分布特征及原因,并提出相应的改进建议。方法以县为单位,按东、南、西、北、中5个方位选取9个乡(镇),每个乡(镇)选取4个村,每个村随机采集8户居民户盐样;采用直接滴定法检测盐碘含量。结果全省供应碘盐的167个县(市、区)中,19个碘盐覆盖率<90%,占总数的11.38%,主要分布于我省东部的沿海产盐区和中南部平原地区,大部分为原适碘地区,占84.2%(16/19);12个县(市、区)碘盐合格率<90%,占总数的7.19%,主要分布在我省中南部内陆平原地区,大部分位于原适碘地区,占75%(9/12);合格碘盐食用率<90%的县(市、区)数为30个,占总数的17.96%,主要分布在我省中南部平原和东部沿海产盐区,24个位于原适碘地区,占80%(24/30),6个位于原病区,占20%(6/30);合格碘盐食用率<90%的主要原因为碘盐覆盖率较低的县(市、区)有13个,占43.33%(13/30),主要原因为碘盐合格率较低的县(市、区)有9个,占30%(9/30)。结论全省仍有30个县(区、市)合格碘盐食用率未达标,碘盐覆盖率较低是导致未达标的主要原因,碘盐合格率低是次要原因。

Objective To identify the distribution characteristics and causes of regions with problematic supply of iodized salt in Hebei Province in 2008 and to propose relevant recommendations. Methods In each county, 9 townships were selected according to their locations, then 4 villages were randomly selected in each township, and finally 8 households were randomly selected to collect their edible salt. The iodine content was quantitatively measured by direct titration method. Results The coverage rates of iodized salt in 19 out of 167counties supplied with iodized salt were below 90%, accounting for 11.38%. The majority of these counties are in the eastern coast areas producing raw salt and the middle and southern plain regions. Most of them belong to areas with adequate iodine content, accounting for 84.2% （ 16/19）. The rates of adequately iodized salt in 12 counties were below 90%, accounting for 7.19%, which are mostly located in the middle and southern plain regions. The majority of these counties belong to areas with adequate iodine content, accounting for 75% （9/12）. The consumed rates of adequately iodized salt in 30 counties were below the state standard of 90%, accounting for 17.96% （30/167）, which are mainly located in the middle and southern plain areas as well as the eastern coast areas. Twenty -four counties are in the areas with adequate io- dine content, accounting for 80% （24/30） ; while 6 counties are in the former endemic areas, accounting for 20% （6/30）. The key cause leading to less than 90% of the consumed rate of adequately iodized salt was mainly due to the low coverage rate of iodized salt in 13 counties, accounting for 43.3% （13/30） ; while it was mostly because of the low rate of adequately iodized salt in 9 counties, accounting for 30% （9/30）. Conclusions There were still 30 counties failing to reach 90% in terms of the consumed rate of adequately iodized salt. The lower coverage rates of iodized salt were the primary cause leading to the disqualification, while lower rates of adequately iodized salt were the secondary. The relevant sectors should fulfill their responsibilities to increase the consumed rate of adequately iodized salt.