重症监护病房多发伤患者医院感染分析

Analysis of nosocomial infection in patients with multiple trauma in intensive care unit

目的 分析重症监护病房（ICU）多发伤患者医院感染的特点,探讨其易感因素和防范措施.方法 回顾性调查137例ICU多发伤患者,分析医院感染的部位、病原菌的种类分布状况及医院感染,原菌的变迁情况.结果 ICU多发伤患者医院感染率为62.8%,医院感染最常见的类型是下呼吸道感染（34.3%）及创口感染（24.8%）;医院感染以革兰氏阴性菌为主,占67.8%,多为大肠埃希菌、铜绿假单胞菌、克雷伯菌属、鲍曼不动杆菌;革兰氏阳性菌占32.2%,以金黄色葡萄球菌、凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌为主;克雷伯菌属、铜绿假单胞菌的检出率逐年上升.结论 ICU多发伤患者医院感染的发生率高,应积极采取相应的防范措施以降低感染的发生率.

Objective To discuss the features of nosocomial infection in patients with multiple trauma in intensive care unit and the preventive measures. Method The nosocomial infections occurred in 137 patients with multiple trauma were analyzed including site of infection, pathogenic organisms and bacterial strains. Results The rate of nosocomial infection was 62.8%, mainly the lower respiratory tract infection and wound infection, the G-negative bacteria infection accounted for 67.8%, mostly Escherichia Coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and A cinctobacter baumanni I. The G-positive bacteria infection accounted for 32.2%, mainly Staphylococcus aureus and Coagulase negative staphylococcus. The positive detection rates of Klebsiella and pseudomonas aeruginosa were increasing year afer year. Conclusions The incidence of nosocomial infection in patients with multiple trauma is high, suggesting some appropriate preventive measures should be taken to reduce the rate of infection.