吴江市土地利用变化及其生态效应

Land Use Change and Its Ecological Effects in Wujiang City

利用1993、2000和2004年吴江市的遥感影像,在GIS和RS支持下,通过构建土地利用转移矩阵对土地利用变化进行分析,并对其产生的生态效应进行研究。结果表明,吴江市的耕地基底向建设用地基底转化,生态系统结构的多样性和均匀度降低,景观整体形状趋于规则;生态系统功能退化,耕地的减少以及建设用地面积的增加是导致总价值减少的主导力量,而水域生态服务价值的增加是阻止其显著减少的原因;水源涵养和废物处理功能贡献度最大,超过总价值的50%;汾湖镇所占生态服务价值比重最高,分别为24.2%、25.21%2、5.13%,桃源镇所占比重最低。

Using remote sensing images of the year 1993, 2000 and 2004 of Wujiang City, based on GIS and RS, land use changes were analyzed with modeling land-use transition matrix. Then, the ecological effects caused by land use changes were studied. The result indicated that the cropland fondues were replaced by construction land. The landscape diversity and evenness of ecosystem structure decreased, and the irregularity of patch shape decreased. The ecosystem services thus degraded. The loss of cropland and increase of construction land were the cause of the decrease of total service values. However, the increase of water area prevented this trend. The water holding capacity and waste disposal contributed more than 50% to the total service value. Fenhu town contributed 24.2% , 25.21% , 25.13% at the three stages of the total service values respectively, while Taoyuan Town shared the lowest proportion.