北京典型郊野公园植物组成结构分析

Plant Composition of Typical Country Parks in Beijing

通过对北京典型郊野公园绿地植物的系统调查,分析了其种类构成,计算并论述了公园绿地的植物结构特征,以期能够为北京生态城市建设提供科学依据。调查发现典型郊野公园植物有78科181属299种,占北京市总维管植物种数的12.1%,总体上偏少。乔木和灌木的丰富度指数都在5.0以下,草本的丰富度要大于乔、灌木;植物均匀度指数总体上在0.7以内,乔木要高于灌木和草本;总体说来,郊野公园绿地植物种类偏少、分布不均匀;北京郊野公园建设刚刚起步不久,要在现有基础上不断完善。

In this study, a systematic investigation on the plants of some country parks of Beijing was made, that the species composing of plants were analyzed, and the characteristic of plant composition was calculated and discussed, intending to provide a scientific basis for ecological urban construction in Beijing. The results showed that there were 299 plants species ,which belonged to 181 genera and 78 families in the country parks. Among 12.1% of total plant species in Beijing, the plants had a low species diversity level. The them, which were accounted for margalef index of the arbor and shrub were both under 5.0,but the herbage was bigger. Their pielou index were both under 0.7,but the arbor was higher than the shrub and herbage. Overall, relatively few plant species were in country parks and distributed unevenly. The construction of country parks had just started soon in Beijing,it should improve continuously on the existing basis.