用最小二乘法在线估计蓄电池荷电状态

Determination of battery SOC on-line based on least squares analysis

荷电状态(SOC)是标示蓄电池能力的一个重要参数。因此,如何确定SOC很重要。传统的充/放电循环测定法会使蓄电池老化,降低蓄电池内部化学物质的活性。充电不足会产生硫化现象,过充电又会引起析气失水,硫酸浓度的变化,导致蓄电池内阻增加,缩短蓄电池的使用寿命。介绍了一种基于最小二乘算法的电动势-内阻方法来测定蓄电池的荷电状态,这种方法可以应用于在线测定,并且无需深度放电再充电,从而延长了蓄电池的使用寿命。经实验验证这种方法是有效的。

SOC is the main parameter of a battery,which is very important to determine the state of charge（SOC） of a battery.Charging and discharging cycles age a battery,which degrades the chemical composition of the battery.An undercharged battery has sulphation and stratification effects that shorten the lifetime of the battery.Over-charging causes gassing and water loss.An electromotive force-internal resistance test to determine the SOC of batteries on-line based on the least squares analysis was described in this paper.By this method,the life of battery was extended without full discharge and charge the battery.The experiments show that this method is effective.