松柏一号墓35号木牍与西汉南郡属县

The No.35 Wooden Tablet (木牍) of No.1 Songbai Tomb (松柏汉墓) and the Affiliated Counties of NanJun(南郡) in Western Han Dynasty

松柏一号墓35号木牍所载汉武帝初年南郡"免老"、"新傅"、"罷癃"等3个统计簿,对研究西汉南郡政区地理具有重要价值。结合其它文献进行研究,可以就西汉南郡属县(包括道和侯国)的变动情况得出几点认识:江陵、巫、宜成、秭归、临沮、夷陵、州陵、夷道、中庐、邔等10个县、道、侯国,均与西汉朝相始终,且当一直属南郡;孱陵、索、下隽、竟陵、安陆、沙羡、轪等7个县、侯国,西汉前期应属南郡,之后分别转属他郡或他国;销、显陵、醴阳等3个县,当分别于西汉前期或后期废置,废置前均应属南郡;便侯国约于文帝时由长沙国迁入南郡,武帝元鼎五年国除,改置编县;枝江、当阳、郢、鄀等4个秦置县,西汉初或均废置,武帝初年以后又都复置,且属南郡;高成、华容、襄阳等3个县、侯国,均当为武帝初年以后新置,属南郡;西陵县,西汉时或从未属南郡。

The three statistics books obtained from the No. 35 wooden tablet involved the three policies of Mianlao（免老）, Xinfu（新傅） and Balong（羆癃）in some certain years of the early period of Emperor Wu in Han Dynasty. They play an important role in the study of geography of Nanjun administrative district in Western Han Dynasty. Combined with other relative literature, some conclusions could be drawn which concern about the changes of affiliated counties （including Dao and Houguo, which are the division units of certain area） of NanJun in Western Han Dynasty. These conclusions are as follows：the ten counties （Dao or Houguo） which named Jiangling（江陵）, Wu（巫）, Yicheng（宜城）, Zigui（秭归）, Linju（临沮）, Yiling（夷陵）, Zhouling（州陵）, Yidao（夷道）, Zhonglu（中庐） and Qi（邔） , had always belonged to Nanjun district, and they all existed from the beginning to the end of the Western Han Dynasty; Counties like Chanling（孱陵）, Suo（索）, Xiajuan（下隽）. Jingling（竟陵）, Anlu（安陆） ,Shaxian（沙羡）and Dai（软）, once affiliated to Nanjun in the early period of the Western Han Dynasty and later they was distributed to other Jun or other countries. The three affiliated coun- tries in Nanjun , Xiao（销）, Xianling（显陵）and Liyang（醴阳）were abandoned in the early or the later period in Han Dynasty respectively, but they all affiliated to Nanjun before they were abandoned;The Bian（便）,which was a Houguo （counties）, once was a part of Changshaguo, belonged to Nanjun in Emperor Wen Period. In Yuanding＇s 5th year of Emperor Wu Period, it was abandoned, its name changed into Bian county;The four counties named Zhijiang（枝江）, Dangyang（当阳）, Ying（郢）and Ruo（鄀）were established in Qin Dynasty and were abandoned in the early period of Western Han Dynasty. But they were re-established by Emperor Wu in Western Han Dynasty, and they all affiliated to NanJun;The other three counties （or Hou Guo） affiliated to Nanjun, Gaocheng（高城）, Huarong （华容） and Xiangyang（囊阳）,which were all newly established in the early period of Emperor Wu in Han Dynasty;Whereas Xiling（西陵） never affiliated to Nanjun in Western Han Dynasty.