北大高等教育研究：学科发展与范式变迁

Higher Education Research in Peking University:Discipline Development and Paradigm Shift

本文从学术史的视角,对北京大学的高等教育研究进行了回顾和反思。在最初的大约15年中,北京大学高等教育研究以比较研究为主,形成了以国际的视野、跨学科的路径、实证的态度和方法上的多元性等为特点的研究风格。在知识分化和组织变迁的双重作用下,北京大学的高等教育研究在20世纪90年代末出现了转型的趋势,主要表现在逐步有意识地超越原来的比较教育研究范式,在跨学科研究的基础上,更加注重高等教育研究的学科基础、问题意识以及不同学科之间的深层对话。北京大学高等教育研究近30年的发展历史体现了知识分化的趋势,这一趋势对高等教育学学科的知识自主性提出了挑战。为应对这一挑战,高等教育学需要建构独特的理论话语、知识体系和分析方法,并依靠这种自主的"核心知识"提出不同于经验知识的问题解决方案。

Peking University is one of the pioneers of Chinese higher education research.This article reviews the history of Peking University's research on higher education from the standpoint of intellectual history.In the first fifteen years after its reestablishment in 1980,the research is exploratory and its basic style has been formed.Driven by the dual forces of knowledge division and organization change,the research paradigm has been changed in the late 1990s.The previous paradigm of doing higher education research mainly from a comparative perspective was given up.We pay more attention to the discipline base of higher education,problem-solving capability,and the substantial dialogue between different disciplines.Totally,the trend of knowledge division is obvious,and this challenges the knowledge autonomy of the discipline of higher education.We should build on higher education's distinct theory discourse, academic system and analysis method in the future.