新生儿高胆红素血症临床危险因素分析

目的探讨新生儿高胆红素血症的病因及相关因素，为临床防治新生儿高胆红素血症及预后判断提供参考依据。方法回顾性分析922例本院新生儿病房住院的高胆红素血症患儿，要求足月儿为出生14d之内、早产儿为出生1个月之内，研究组为符合高胆红素血症的新生儿，对照组为生理性黄疸的新生儿。应用Logistic回归模型，对临床常见病因如感染、围产因素、早产、ABO或RH溶血等进行分析。结果感染是引起新生儿高胆红素血症的主要因素，其次是围产因素和早产。研究组和对照组比较，围产和早产因素差异有统计学意义。结论感染仍是城市郊区高胆红素血症患儿的主要因素，围产因素已日益成为高胆红素血症的主要发病病因。提高人们对围产期保健的认识，加强围产期监测、随访及宣教，是城市郊区医院产科及围产儿科医务人员的工作者重点。

Objective To study the clinical risk factors for neonatal hyperbilirubinemia and offer reference on the prevention, treatment, and prognostic judgement of neonatal hyperbilirubinemia. Methods 922 cases of neonatal hyperbilirubinemia in our hospital were retrospectively analyzed. Full - term infants were newborn in postpartum 14 days; premature infants are newborn in postpartum 1 month. Research group was consisted of neonatal hyperbilirubinemia cases; the control group was consisted of physiological jaundice cases. The familiar clinical risk factors of neonatal hyperbilirubinemia including infection, peripartum, premature, ABO or RH hemolysis factors et al were retrospectively analyzed by logistic regression models. Results The most important factor caused neonatal hyperbilirubinemia was infection, the secondly factors include pefipartum and premature. The peripartum and premature factors have statistic significance in logistic regression analysis. Conclusion Infection still is the important factor for the neonatal hyperbilirubinemia cases in suburb. However peripartum is an increasing risk factor for the neonatal hyperbilirubinemia cases in suburb. So improving the realization on peripartum health care and strengthening the management of peripartum health care are key to the prevention and treatment of neonatal hyperbilirubinemia cases in suburb.