巴斯德毕赤酵母表达系统的研究进展和前景展望

Research progress and prospects on Pichia pastoris

巴斯德毕赤酵母经过近二十来年的发展,已经成为表达外源基因的优秀表达系统之一,成功地表达了许多重组异源蛋白。从表达菌株,表达载体等方面详细综述了毕赤酵母表达系统的优点,如:营养要求低、可高密度发酵、遗传稳定性高等;分析了可能影响巴斯德毕赤酵母表达系统的相关因素,这些因素包括外源基因的特性、基因拷贝数、产物稳定性及发酵策略等,结合这些因素和具体实践经验,就如何提高外源基因在巴斯德毕赤酵母中表达量进行了阐述;讨论了该表达系统存在的不足之处并且展望了其发展前景。

In recent 20 years,Pichia pastoris has developed into a highly successful system for the production of a variety of foreign genes and express various recombinant heterologous proteins.The advantages of Pichia pastoris such as low nutritional demands,high-density fermentation,high genetic stability and several factors including Pichia pastoris strains,expression vectors were described in this paper.Impacted factors associated with characteristics of heterologous gene,gene dosage,stability of products and fermentation strategies were analyzed,as well as strategies for improving expression levels.Moreover,the problems with regard to unwanted glycosylations and proteolytic degradation of the expressed recombinant protein were discussed.Finally,future aspects of the use of the Pichia pastoris expression system were also reviewed here.