豆科植物异黄酮提取技术研究进展(英文)

Extractions of Isoflavones from Leguminosae:a Review

豆和豆制品,红三叶草,葛藤中都含有异黄酮,包括染料木苷(Genistin),黄豆苷(Daidzin),黄豆黄苷(Gly-citin)以及它们的衍生物如丙二酰(malonyl),乙酰(acetyl),苷元(aglucone)等。由于不同的组分在原料中的含量差别很大,寻找最优的异黄酮提取法是很困难的。传统的提取法利用甲醇、乙醇、乙腈、丙酮、n-丁醇、二甲基亚砜、Genapol等有机溶剂提取异黄酮。有机溶剂的大量使用对环境和人体都造成较大损害。近几年来,研究人员已发现几种高效的、环境友好型的提取法:超临界流体萃取法(SFE),超声波辅助萃取法(UAE),高压液体萃取法(PLE),固相萃取法(SPE),微波辅助萃取法(MAE)等。文章综述了从豆科植物中提取异黄酮的溶剂提取法和新近发展的提取技术。

Natural sources of isoflavones include soy and soy products, such as red clover, kudzu, etc. There are mainly 12 isoflavones in soybeans： genistin, daidzin, glycitin and their respective malonyl, acetyl and aglucone forms. As 12 different soy isoflavones have a wide variation in polarities, development of an optimized extraction procedure for all isoflavones has been a challenging task. The extraction solvents used in conventional extraction methods include methanol, ethanol, acetoni- trile, acetone, n-butanol, dimethyl sulphoxide, Genapol, etc. , which are not environmental-friendly. And researchers have developed various extraction techniques, such as supercritical fluid extraction （SFE）, ultrasound-assisted extraction （UAE）, pressurized-liquid extraction （PLE） , solid-phase extraction （SPE） , and microwave assisted extraction （MAE） to extract isoflavones from the sources efficiently and environmental-harmless. This paper reviews the conventional and newly developed extraction techniques of isoflavones from Leguminosae.