紧张理论视野下的犯罪发生机制及对策

The Trigger Mechanism and Countermeasures of Crimes from the Perspective of Strain Theory

紧张理论是西方犯罪学中备受关注的理论之一,曾在20世纪60年代影响了美国联邦政府的刑事司法政策。虽然以该理论为基础的政策的实施效果受到了一些学者的批判,但这一理论对于犯罪行为产生机制的解释及其对策还是得到了一些支持社会改革的进步人士的赞誉。我国国有企业改革时期的犯罪现象、财产犯罪发案率高、腐败犯罪屡禁不止以及严重的青少年犯罪问题都可以借助紧张理论来解释,并据此提出治理对策。从紧张理论出发所提出的对策虽然不能解决所有的犯罪问题,但确是我国犯罪综合治理方针中不可或缺的环节。

The strain theory is one of the most famous theories in western criminology,which affected the judicial policies of the federal government in the 1960s.Although it was criticized by some scholars,the interpretation and measures to crimes according to the theory are upheld by some politicians who agree on social reformation.The high crime rate in the 1990s,including that of the property crime,the corruption crime and the juvenile delinquency in China can also be interpreted by strain theory,and starting from which countermeasures to prevent these crimes can be proposed.Though such measures can not eliminate all the crimes,they are an important part in the comprehensive control on crimes in China.