注意缺陷/多动障碍儿童临床特征与单胺类神经递质研究

Study on clinical characters and serum levels changes of monoamine neurotransmitters in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder

目的:探讨注意缺陷/多动障碍(ADHD)儿童的临床特征及血清单胺类神经递质水平的变化。方法:对32例ADHD儿童(研究组)和46名正常儿童(对照组)测评Piers-Harris儿童自我意识量表(PHCSS)、儿童焦虑性情绪障碍筛查表(SCRED)、儿童冲动量表(BIS)等,对其中30例ADHD儿童及36名正常儿童测量血清5-羟色胺(5-HT)、多巴胺(DA)、肾上腺素等的含量。结果:研究组PHCSS评分低于对照组(P<0.01);研究组SCRED和BIS评分均高于对照组(P<0.001)。研究组血清5-HT低于对照组(P=0.002)。血清5-HT水平与冲动总分(r=-0.273)呈负相关;血清DA水平与运动分呈正相关(r=0.541)。结论:ADHD儿童具有多动、冲动、自我意识低等临床特征。而血清5-HT水平降低可能与ADHD的冲动控制困难特征有关。

Objective：To explore the clinical characters and serum levels changes of monoamine neurotransmitters in children with attention defecit hyperactivity disorder（ ADHD）. Method：32 ADHD children and 46 healthy children were recruited. They were evaluated with the Piers-Harris children＇s self-concept scale （ PHCSS） ,the screen for child related emotional disorder（ SCRED） ,depression self-rating scale for cildren （ DSRSC） and Barratt＇s impulsivity scale（ BIS）. Their serum 5-hydroxytryptamine（ 5-HT） ,dopamine（ DA） were determined. Results：PHCSS scores in ADHD group were significantly lower than those in control group（ P 0. 01）. The SCRED and BIS scores in ADHD group were significantly higher than those in control group（ P 0. 001）. The serum 5-HT levels in ADHD group were significantly lower than those in control group. （ P = 0. 002）. Significant correlations were found between the serum 5-HT level and the total impulsivity scores（ r = -0. 273）. Conclusion：Children with ADHD have characteristics of hyperactivity,impulsivity and low selfconsciousness. The low serum 5-HT level may be correlated to impulsivity control deficit.