复古国学中的“万叶空间”——贺茂真渊《国意考》对建构日本文化之绝对主体的奠基作用

Japanese Kokugaku and Space of Manyōshū——Kamo no Mabuchi's Attempts to Construct Subjectivity of Japanese Culture in Kokuikō

贺茂真渊在《国意考》中,通过剿斥儒家道统,吸收道家的哲学思想,清理出"万叶空间"来安放自己的国学古道,为建构日本文化之绝对主体奠定了基础。"万叶空间"中的主体缺乏神圣性,于是催生出本居宣长以神道作为日本文化之绝对主体的后续举动。近世以来的日本文化,对自身绝对主体的强烈诉求,是复古国学最终转向复古神道的根本原因。

Kamo no Mabuchi constructed absolute subject of Japanese culture by cleaning up the Confucian ideology, absorbing Taoistic philosophic thinking and proposing the ＂Space of Manyoshu to interpret his idea on Japanese ancient culture. Since the subject of the ＂Space of Manyoshu＂ lacked of sacredness, Motoori Norinaga then proposed that the Japanese Shinto was the ultimate absolute subject of the Japanese culture. In modern times, the Japanese culture strongly appealed for the obtaining of itself absolute subject. And this is the fundamental cause for Japanese Kokugaku turning to Japanese Shinto.