双氧水预防白点鲑卵水霉病发生的效果研究

Efficacy of Hydrogen Peroxide Disinfection on Fungus Diseases Prevention During Eggs Incubation of Whitespot Char,Salvelinus leucomaenis

在白点鲑(Salvelinus leucomaenis Pallas)受精卵至发眼期间,为了替代甲醛,采用浓度分别为0mg/L(对照组)、600mg/L、900mg/L、1200mg/L、1500mg/L、1800mg/L的双氧水预防水霉菌的发生。消毒时间为隔天一次上午7:00-8:00,持续时间15min后换至正常流水孵化。在水温(4.5±0.4)℃,水体溶解氧(6.75±0.35)mg/L,pH(6.6±0.45)的情况下,经过40d的孵化,对各处理组的数据统计和分析,认为在浓度为1200mg/L可以有效预防水霉菌的发生,发眼率、上浮率和畸形率分别为89%、80.6%、0.7%、,而对照组相应为72%、70.2%、0.45%。当双氧水浓度低于1200mg/L时,受精卵孵化率和双氧水浓度呈正相关;高于1200mg/L时,受精卵孵化率和双氧水浓度呈负相关。另外,在孵化后期,发眼卵死亡率、仔鱼死亡率和畸形率则随着双氧水浓度的增加呈现明显上升的趋势。

From the fertilized eggs of the whitespot char（Salvelinus leucomaenis Pallas）to the eyed stage,the eggs were treated with hydrogen peroxide at the concentration of 0 mg /L（control group）,600 mg /L,900 mg /L,1200 mg /L,1500 mg /L,1800 mg /L in order to prevent the occurrence of fungus diseases and determinate the relevant effects of different concentration.Disinfection was carried out every other day 7：00-8：00am and last for 15min,then eggs were transferred to normal water.For each treatment group,eyed rate of 40d incubation was 72%,76.7%,83.7%,89%,85.6% and 79.8% individually,and hatching rate was 70.2%,74.8%,80%,80.6%,75.9% and 69.7% individually,and malformation rate was 0.45%,0.56%,0.6%,0.7% 0.9% and 1.1%,respectively at water temperature（4.5 ± 0.4）℃,dissolved oxygen（6.75 ± 0.35）mg /L and pH（6.6 ± 0.45）.The eggs hatching rate and the peroxide concentration was positively correlated when the concentration of peroxide was less than 1200mg /L,while negatively correlated when it was more than 1200mg /L.In addition,with the increase of hydrogen peroxide concentration,eyed eggs mortality,fry mortality and malformation rates showed a clear upward trend in the late development stages.Therefore,an appropriate concentration（1200mg /L）of hydrogen peroxide disinfection of whitespot char eggs can effectively prevent the occurrence of fungus diseases.