新生儿呼吸机相关性肺炎的预防与护理措施

呼吸机相关性肺炎(VAP):是指患者接受机械通气治疗后,由感染性因素造成的肺实质性炎性反应VAP,指原无肺部感染的患者机械通气治疗48小时后发生肺部感染或原有肺部感染,机械通气治疗48小时以上发生新的肺部感染。国外报道VAP发病率为9%～70%,病死率可达50%～70%。国内报道VAP发病率为70%,病死率可达51.6%。开展新生儿住院病人呼吸机感染的监测,了解呼吸机感染的发病率及危险因素及时采取措施,有效控制医院感染的发生。

Ventilator Associated Pneumonia VAP： means after patients receive mechanical ventilation treatment, infective agents cause lung to have substantively inflammatory reaction VAP means patients who had no pulmonary infection before have pulmonary infection after receiving mechanical ventilation treatment for 48 hours, or who had pulmonary infection before have new pulmonary infection after receiving mechanical ventilation treatment for over 48 hours.According to foreign reports, VAP incidence rate 9%～70%, case fatality rate could reach 50%～70%. According to national reports, VAP incidence rate 70%, case fatality rate could reach 51.65%.