试论日本禅文化对一休宗纯汉诗创作风格的影响

The Influence of Japanese Zen Culture on the Writing Style of Ikkyū Sōjun's Chinese Poetry

室町幕府时期,禅宗在日本迅速发展,禅文化成为了这一时代的主流文化。以"五山文学"为代表的禅林文学所提倡的"诗禅一味"的创作理论,成为了当时日本汉诗创作的主要审美理论导向。生活在室町时代的禅僧一休宗纯,似乎成了禅林的"另类"。他的诗歌作品中既有静穆空寂的禅诗,又有狂放狷介的"狂诗",更有热烈地追求爱情的"爱情诗"。这种矛盾的创作风格的形成,与当时禅文化在日本的发展,有着必然的关系。

During the period of Ashikaga shogunate, with the rapid development of Zen in Japan, Zen culture became the mainstream culture of that era. The creation theory of ＂Poems and Zen＂ which was advocated by Five Mountains literature on behalf of Zen culture, became the main aesthetic orientation of Chinese poetry writing in Japan at that time. Ikkyu Sojun, living in the Ashikaga shogunate period, seemed to be a ＂alternative＂ of the Zen culture. In his poetry there are solemn and quiet deserted Buddhist Poems, as well as tameless ＂Wild Poems＂, and also ＂Love Poems＂, which express the enthusiastic pursuit of love. The reason why he had this contradictory writing style is connected with the development of Zen culture in Japan at that time.