湘华鲮引种驯养及繁育技术研究

Studies on Introduction,Domestication and Propagation of Sinilabeo tungting

2006～2009年,从湖南怀化和邵阳等地共收集野生湘华鲮(Sinilabeo tungting)17批次、共252尾,采用池塘、水泥池流水和江河网箱3种不同方式中进行驯养,成活率分别为26.92%、78.75%和77.50%;电捕、刺网和电击+鹭鸶3种不同捕捞方法收集湘华鲮的驯养成活率分别为93.85%、37.33%和42.55%。将18批次共37尾雌性湘华鲮亲本(其中2批次、5尾为人工驯养亲本)进行人工催产,有19尾产卵,催产率为51.35%,其中人工驯养亲本催产5尾,4尾产卵,催产率为80%。催产共计获卵35.6万粒,受精率为51%～88%,孵化出苗17.68万尾。采用4种催产药物的多种组合进行湘华鲮催产试验,结果表明,LRH-A25μg/kg+HCG1000IU/kg+PG1.5个/kg、LRH-A25μg/kg+HCG1000IU/kg和LRH-A26μg/kg+HCG800IU/kg+DOM3μg/kg3种药物组合的催产效果较好。采用3种不同培育模式进行苗种培育试验,水泥池流水、江河网箱和池塘的培育成活率分别为25.80%、68.40%和21.70%;池塘培育鱼苗特定生长率最高(4.84%)。

252 Sinilabeo tungting were obtained from Huaihua city and Shaoyang city in Hunan province during 2006 to 2009, and were domesticated in three kinds of conditions including farm ponds, cement pools with flowing water and net cages in river. Experiment shows that survival rates of S. tungting domesticated in farm ponds, cement pools and net cages were 26.92%, 78.75% and 77.50%, respectively. S. tungting catched by three methods （electrical equipments, gillnet and cormorant） were domesticated and survival rates of were 93.85%, 37.33% , 42.55% , respectively. 37 female individuals （ 16 batches of wild fishes and 2 batches of domesticated fishes） were injected with artificial synthetic partuifacients consisting of LHRH - A2 （ Luteinzing Hormone Releasing Hormone A2 ）, HCG （Human Chorionic Gonadotropin）, PG （Pituitary Gland） and DOM （Domperidone）, and to-tal induced spawning rate is 51.35%. Five domesticated female were injected and only four spawned, and induced spawning rate is 80%. Total spawned eggs were 3.56 × 10^5 and the fertilization rate were 51% -88%. 1. 768 ×10^5 juvenile fishes were hatched out. Among effects of several groups of artificial synthetic partuifacients on induced spawning, three groups （ LRH - A2 5 μg/kg ＋ HCG 1 000 IU/kg ＋ PG 1.5 /kg）, （ LRH - A2 5 μg/kg ＋ HCG 1 000 IU/kg）, （ LRH - A2 6 μg/kg ＋ HCG 800 IU/kg ＋ DOM 3 μg/kg） were the best. Survival rates of young fishes which were cultured in three kinds of fry rearing ponds （farm ponds, cement pools with flowing water and net cages） were 21.70%, 25.80% and 68.40%, respectively, and the special grow rate （SGR） was 4.56%, 4. 38% and 4.84% , respectively.