胞内共生菌Cardinium的研究进展

Research progress of endosymbiont Cardinium

Cardinium是一类近几年才被人们发现和关注的细胞内共生细菌,属于拟杆菌门(Bacteroidetes)的一个独立分支,同沃尔巴克氏体(Wolbachia)一样可以通过细胞质遗传。虽然这类寄生菌在节肢动物中的分布没有Wolbachia广泛,但是许多研究表明这类寄生菌同样具有诱导寄主生殖异常现象的能力。这些生殖异常现象主要包括胞质不亲和、诱导孤雌生殖、雌性化。另外,Cardinium除了对寄主具有生殖调控作用以外还能影响寄主的适合度。由于这些现象的发现,使得Cardinium也同Wolbachia一样受到越来越多研究学者的关注。本文系统地总结了近年来这类细菌的研究情况,主要包括Cardinium的形态特征、在节肢动物中的分布、对寄主的生殖调控作用、传播规律、系统发育等方面。最后,文章简要讨论了研究Cardinium这类胞内共生菌的价值和意义。

Cardinium is a recently discovered maternally transmitted bacterial endosymbiont in many arthropods. Phylogentic analysis shows that it belongs to Bacteroidetes. Although the distribution of Cardinium in arthropod wasn＇t as wide as that of Wolbachia, more and more research reveals that Cardinium can also induce abnormal phenotypes of its host＇s reproduction,including cytoplasmic incompatibility,parthenogenesis and feminization. Furthermore,it also influences the fitness of its host in addition to manipulating the reproduction of its hosts. Due to these discoveries,Cardinium has been drawing more and more attention of scholars just like Wolbachia. This paper reviews and analyses the development of Cardinium in recent years in several aspects： morphology, distribution,reproductive manipulation,phylogeny and so on. Finally,we discuss the potential value and significance of this endosymbiont for biological control.