防治刺桐姬小蜂的有效药剂及其施用方法

Screening of insecticides and its application method for controlling Quadrastichus erythrinae

为了寻找防治重要检疫性害虫刺桐姬小蜂的有效药剂和施用方法,采用了打孔注药、喷雾法和药剂灌根3种不同施药方式,不同化学药剂防治刺桐姬小蜂的田间试验。结果表明:采用喷雾法防治刺桐姬小蜂效果明显优于打孔注药和灌根法,16%喹硫磷·丁硫克百威EC(乳油)喷雾处理防治效果优于其他防治药剂喷雾处理,16%喹硫磷·丁硫克百威EC稀释200倍喷雾处理10d和15d后刺桐姬小蜂成虫羽化率分别为2.79%和9.41%,成虫死亡率分别为97.21%和90.60%。采用喷雾法施用16%喹硫磷·丁硫克百威EC后1d和10d,叶面中残留的喹硫磷含量分别为287.45和221.57mg·kg-1,丁硫克百威的含量分别为225.64和187.62mg·kg-1,药剂的残留量与防治效果和持效性相关。生产上,防治刺桐姬小蜂可采用16%喹硫磷·丁硫克百威EC稀释200倍喷雾处理,其防治效果良好,值得推广应用。

In order to screen insecticides and its application method for controlling Quadrastichus erythrinae,the three different methods such as trunk injection method,foliar spraying method and root zone drenches method were used to evaluate the effects of different insecticides on the field. The results indicated that the effects of foliar spraying method was the best of the three methods and the insecticidal effects of pesticide 16% quinalphos·carbosulfan EC was better than those of other pesticides with spraying methods. The emergence rates of adults of Q. erythrinae were 2. 79% and 9. 41% ,and the mortality of adults were 97. 21% and 90. 60% ,respectively after treatment for 10 d and 15 d with 16% quinalphos·carbosulfan EC which was diluted for 200 times with foliar spraying methods. The concentration of quinalphos was 287. 45 and 221. 57 mg·kg^-1 and that of carbosulfan was 225. 64 and 187. 62 mg·kg^-1 respectively,after treatment with 16% quinalphos·carbosulfan EC diluted for 200 times with foliar spraying methods for 1 d and 10 d,and the control efficacies were expected to correlate with the quinalphos and carbosulfan levels and the duration. It was suggested that 16% quinalphos·carbosulfan EC diluted for 200 times was an effective pesticide and worth spreading and application to control Q. erythrinae in the field.