利用重楼杀灭罗氏沼虾寄生纤毛虫的初步研究

Study on efficacy of Rhizorma paridi against the ciliates on giant freshwater shrimp Mactobrachium rosenbergii

利用系统溶剂极性法提取重楼,制备粗提物,以寄生罗氏沼虾上的纤毛虫(聚缩虫和靴纤虫)为指示寄生虫,进行杀灭罗氏沼虾寄生纤毛虫的药效活性追踪试验,初步确定重楼杀灭纤毛虫的活性部位,并对活性部位进行安全性评价。实验结果表明,不同极性的重楼提取物对纤毛虫均有一定的杀灭作用,其中重楼甲醇提取物对纤毛虫的杀灭作用最强,其浓度为45mg/L时,对纤毛虫杀灭率为100%,确定其含有杀灭纤毛虫的活性成分。活性部位对罗氏沼虾仔虾急性毒性实验结果显示,甲醇提取液对仔虾的96h半致死浓度(LC50)为272mg/L,其安全浓度为111.5mg/L,表明重楼是一种比较安全、杀虫效果良好的水产用中草药。

To screen out the active parasiticidal components,solvent extractions from Rhizorma paridis were evaluated against ciliates （Zoothamnium sp. and cothurnia） with batch treatment. The bioassay-based isolation showed that methanol extract presented 100% antihelmintic efficacy at the concentration of 45 mg/L and the killing active site was proved to be its methanol extract. Meanwhile,the median lethal concentration （LC50） values at 96 h determined from the acute toxicity tests of the killing active site for juvenile giant freshwater shrimp was 272 mg/L. The safety concentration was 111.5 mg/L. The results obtained in this study show that Rhizorma paridis could be a potential plant-based medicine for ciliates control.