室内甲醛污染相关因素之间影响关系研究

A Study on the Relations among Factors Affecting Indoor Formaldehyde Pollution

室内甲醛浓度不仅仅取决于板材的甲醛释放量，同时还受板材承载率（即单位空间内板材的使用总量）．通风效率，温度、湿度等因素影响。为使人们自主选择改善住宅室内空气质量的路径，通过对板材释放水平的干燥器法测试、净化器效率测试以及建立影响室内甲醛浓度的各因素间的关系式，研究使室内甲醛浓度达到标准的条件关系。指出影响室内甲醛浓度的因素主要有：板材的甲醛释放水平、换气次数、板材承载率以及温度、湿度。通过数据分析表明，若要保证新装修居室内甲醛浓度达标，在研究设定条件下，仅单独改善上述某种因素都难实现；但在引入空气净化器的情况下，通过调整其他影响因素，室内空气中甲醛的浓度水平可以较轻松地降至标准限值以下，从而改善室内空气质量。

Indoor air quality could be dependent upon not only the releasing rate of formaldehyde, but also the loading of planking, ventilation efficiency, temperature, humidity, and etc. factors. To select the ways to improve the indoor air quality, conditions for ensuring indoor formaldehyde level in compliance with the standard were studied based on planking releasing tests with desiccators, air cleaner purification efficiency tests and setting up relations among factors affecting indoor formaldehyde concentrations. The determinant factors were formaldehyde releasing rates of planking, air exchange ratio, planking loading, temperature and humidity. Re- sults have shown that it would be hardly to make formaldehyde level in compliance if improving only one of the above factors, however, it could be effective when using air cleaner meanwhile regulating the other affecting factors.