不同温度下苜蓿叶象甲实验种群生命表研究

Life Table of the Laboratory Population of Hypera postica (Gyllenhal) at Different Temperatures

为了研究温度对苜蓿叶象甲（Hypera postica Gyllenhal）种群动态的影响,组建了其在18℃,22℃,26℃,30℃下的实验种群生命表。结果表明：18-30℃范围内,苜蓿叶象甲发育速率随温度的升高而加快,并符合Logistic模型。苜蓿叶象甲的卵、幼虫、前蛹、蛹及产卵前期成虫的发育起点温度分别为8.82,10.47,8.60,11.91和9.53℃,有效积温分别为99.38,143.80,48.63,55.71和140.15℃.d,完成整个世代需要的有效积温为480.96℃.d。实验温度条件下其生存曲线呈A型,26℃时世代存活率及单雌产卵量最高,分别为47.6%,847.7粒。苜蓿叶象甲世代存活率（S）、种群趋势指数（I）与温度（t）间均呈抛物线关系,其生长发育繁殖的最适温区为25-27℃。

Life tables of laboratory population of Hypera postica were constructed at 18,22,26 and 30℃,respectively.Results show that development increase as temperature increases from 18℃to 30℃,and meet logistic models.The developmental temperature threshold for egg,larva,prepupa,pupa and preoviposition stages of adults is 8.82,10.47,8.60,11.91,9.53℃,respectively.The effective accumulated temperature for egg,larva,prepupa,pupa and preoviposition stages of adults is 99.38,143.80,48.63,55.71,140.15℃ per day,respectively.The effective accumulated temperature of the entire generation is 480.96℃ per day.Survival curves followed the ＇Price A＇ pattern for these studies.Both generation survival rates（47.6%） and number of nymphs produced by one female（847.7 eggs） reached the highest at 26℃.Either generation survival rate（S） or population trend index（I） may be described as a function of temperature（t） in parabola curves,The optimal temperature range for growth and development of Hypera postica was between 25 and 27℃.