德国科技道德教育特点及对中国工程师培养的启示

Features of science and technology moral education in German universities and its enlightenment to engineer cultivation in China

德国大学长期以来在科技道德教育方面形成的有益经验很值得中国大学借鉴。在科技道德教育的目标上,传承了德国历史上的优秀民族文化传统和伦理精神,提出了培养和促进大学生个人品德和社会能力发展的要求。在科技道德教育的体系上,强调了社会公共机构、大众传媒和学校等相互配合、协调一致,并构建了纵横交错的科技道德教育网络。在科技道德教育的方式和手段上,注重采用"问题式""探索式""渗透式""社会大课堂式"等教学方法。对中国工程师培养的启示是:全社会都应当切实重视大学生的科技道德教育;积极传承中国传统文化中的科技道德教育思想和方法;高度重视和利用现代大众传媒的作用来进行科技道德教育;科技道德教育要融于学校专业学习各个环节,贯穿于教学全过程。

German universities have accumulated a wealth of experience in science and technology moral education, which is worth learning to Chinese universities. In terms of goal for science and technology moral education, German universities succeed to their excellent national cultural tradition and ethics to promote the students＇ personal moral and social ability. In terms of system for science and technology moral education, they use social public organizations, mass media and schools to coordinate with each other to build the net of moral education. In terms of ways and means for science and technology moral education, they pay attention to teaching methods such as problem-based pattern, exploration pattern and pattern of society as classroom. The inspiration to engineer cultivation in China is as follows： firstly, the whole society should really pay attention to the importance of science and technology moral education; secondly, modern mass media should be fully used as an effective education ways and means; thirdly, science and technology moral education must be integrated into the whole process of subject teaching.