威胁条件下机载纯方位定位的观测器优化轨迹

Optimization of Observer Trajectories for Bearings-Only Target Localization under Threat Constraints

提出了约束条件下(目标防御系统的威胁)对运动目标纯方位定位的观测器轨迹优化问题;建立了该条件下观测器轨迹优化模型,性能指标函数的选取是基于Fisher信息矩阵(Fisher Information Matrix,FIM)行列式的最大化,运用遗传算法解该优化问题得到优化轨迹;最后采用高斯粒子滤波估计目标状态.为了说明优化轨迹对定位效果的影响,分别给定直线运动和蛇行机动两类轨迹,并在无威胁约束和有威胁约束的情况下,同优化轨迹定位效果作比较.Monte-Carlo仿真结果表明:优化轨迹的定位精度优于蛇行机动和直线运动;对于不同威胁度下的优化轨迹,威胁越小对应的定位精度越高.

The observer trajectory optimization in bearings-only localization of moving target under constraints of threats of the target defense systems is presented. A mathematical model under the threats is established, and the performance index function is based on maximizing the determinant of the Fisher information matrix （FIM）. Genetic Algorithm is used to solve the resulting optimal control problem and the Gaussian particle filter is utilized to evaluate the state of the target. In order to illustrate the effect on the position performance, certain straight movement and snake maneuver are provided to compare the position performance with the optimized trajectory, separately with and without the threats constraints. The Monte Carlo simulation shows that the position precision of the optimized trajectory is better than that of the straight movement and the snake maneuver, while the optimized trajectories with different threat degrees, the less of the threat, the more of the position precision.