新文化运动、“文化热”与“国学热”——从文化整合中的三种现象看文化转型规律

The New Culture Movement,"Culture Craze" and "Sinology Craze"——Viewing the Laws of Cultural Transformation from the Perspective of Three Phenomena in Cultural Integration

20世纪以来,中国知识分子对现代性的诉求引发了三次文化高潮,其中"五四"新文化运动产生于外源性文化危机,是以少数知识精英为主体的一场文化革命;80年代"文化热"源于市场经济体制下知识分子的文化自觉;而近年来的"国学热"则是在全球化背景下知识分子与普通大众的共同选择。从新文化运动到"文化热",再到"国学热",三种文化现象显示了在文化转型过程中文化主体正从少数知识精英扩展到普通大众,在中国传统文化与西方文化的不断整合过程中也体现了中国传统文化的强大生命力。

Since the 20th century,the modernity demands of Chinese intellectuals have led to three cultural upsurges,wherein ＂The May 4th New Culture Movement＂ resulted from exogenous cultural crisis and it was a cultural revolution which was mainly constituted by a few intellectual elites.＂Culture Craze＂ in the 1980s originated from the cultural consciousness of intellectuals under market economic system and the ＂Sinology Craze＂ in recent years is a common choice of the intellectuals and the masses in the context of globalization.From the New Cultural Movement to the ＂Culture Craze＂ and to the ＂Sinology Craze＂,these three cultural phenomena show the process of cultural transformation and cultural phenomena indicate that cultural subject has extended from a few intellectual elites to the general public during cultural transformation.Chinese traditional culture reflects its vitality in the continuous integration of traditional Chinese culture and western culture.