膳食因素对脑老化小鼠皮层和海马乙酰胆碱酯酶活性的影响

Effects of High Fat Diet and Dietary Restriction on Activity of Acetylcholinesterase in Brain Aging Mice

目的探讨高脂和限食对脑老化及脑内乙酰胆碱酯酶(AChE)的影响,为合理膳食健脑防衰提供科学依据。方法雄性ICR小鼠60只分为6组,即脑老化模型组、脑老化+高脂膳食组、脑老化+限食组、高脂对照组、限食对照组、普通对照组,每组10只。以D-半乳糖100mg/kg·d颈背部皮下注射制备脑老化模型。实验干预期共9周。以Morris水迷宫测试小鼠空间记忆和学习能力,羟胺比色法测定脑组织乙酰胆碱酯酶(AChE)活性。结果①水迷宫实验:脑老化组小鼠的逃避潜伏期高于普通对照组(P<0.05),脑老化+高脂膳食组逃避潜伏期与脑老化组无显著性差异(P>0.05),高脂膳食组与普通对照组之间逃避潜伏期亦显著无差异(P>0.05)。脑老化+限食组的逃避潜伏期低于脑老化组(P<0.05),而与普通对照组无显著性差异(P>0.05),限食对照组与普通对照组之间逃避潜伏期无显著性差异(P>0.05)。②AChE活性:脑老化组、脑老化+高脂膳食组和脑老化+限食组小鼠高于普通对照组和限食对照组(P<0.05),限食对照组与普通对照组无显著性差异(P>0.05)。脑老化+高脂膳食组高于脑老化组和其他非模型对照组(P<0.05)。结论高脂膳食可使脑内AChE活性升高,但对小鼠学习记忆能力无明显影响;限食可提高脑老化小鼠学习记忆能力,但对脑内AChE活性无明显影响。

Objective To explore the effects of high fat diet and caloric restriction on brain aging as well as the activity of Acetylcholinesterase（AChE） and afford scientific evidence to rational diet and prevent brain aging.Methods Sixty male ICR mice were randomly divided into 6 groups：the D-galactose-induced brain aging,brain aging plus high fat diet,brain aging plus caloric restriction,high fat diet only,caloric restriction only and normal control groups. Mice were given 100 mg/kg·d subcutaneous injection of D-galactose to prepare brain aging model for 9 weeks. Morris water maze （MWM） test was employed to determine their spatial learning and memory ability. Acetylcholinesterase （AChE） activity in brain was determined by hydroxylaminecolorimetric assay.Results In Morris water maze test,brain aging mice showed a significant longer escape latency than the normal control mice （P〈0.05）. There was no statistical difference in escape latency between brain aging mice plus high fat diet and brain aging mice groups （P〈0.05）,and between the control and high fat diet groups （P〈0.05）. Brain aging mice plus caloric restriction exhibited a significant shorter escape latency than brain aging mice （P〈0.05）,but no difference was found when compared with normal control mice （P〈0.05）. There were no statistical difference in escape latency between the controls and caloric restriction group （P〈0.05）. The AChE activity in brain aging,brain aging plus high fat diet and brain aging plus caloric restriction group were higher than those in control and caloric restriction group （P〈0.05）. There were no statistical difference in AChE activity between the controls and caloric restriction group （P〈0.05）. Brain aging plus high fat diet were higher than brain aging and other non model control groups.Conclusion High fat diet can raise the activity of AChE effectively,but can not influence the capacity of learning and memory in mice. Caloric restriction can improve the capacity of learning and memory in mice,but has no significant influence on the activity of AChE in brain.