论我国集体林权制度改革中的法制障碍及解决途径

Legal Obstacles and Solutions of the Innovation of Collective Forest Ownership in Our Country

集体林权制度改革被称为"第三次土地改革"的制度性改革,近年来以迅猛之势席卷全国乡村。目前的实践已有成果,初步显示了林权改革所蕴含的巨大生产力和诱人前景。然而,集体林权改革在其实施的过程中并没有完全明晰林权所有权和使用权,而且森林资源资产评估法律制度不健全以及与"托管造林"相关的法律法规缺失等问题,都严重阻碍了林业经营者的处置权和收益权。为此,本文力图从改革林地征用制度,对限额采伐管理进行"松绑",进一步落实林农对林权的抵押权以及加强林地流转法律法规建设四个方面落实林权的归属,并通过建立和完善健全森林资源资产评估法律制度与"托管造林"相关的法律法规来消除集体林权改革中存在的法制障碍,以推进集体林权改革顺利向前发展。

The innovation of collective forest ownership system which is also called ＂the third land innovation＂ has swept across the country in recent years.The current practice shows preliminarily that the innovation of the collective forest ownership system has bronze productivity and inviting prospect.However,the unwholly clarified ownership and right of use of collective forest ownership in its process of implementation,the imperfection of the forest resources assessment system and the deletion of relative regulations of the ＂cooperative trusteeship afforesting＂ have seriously impeded exercise of disposal right and profit right for the forestry operators.Thererfore,the article tries to remove legal obstacles from the aspects of reforming the forestland requisition system,untightening management of the forest cutting quota syste,implementing the mortgage of collective forest ownership of forest farmers,strengthening regulations of forestland transfering,establishing and perfecting the forest resources assessment system and the relative regulation of ＂cooperative trusteeship afforesting＂ system to propel smoothly the innovation of collective forest ownership system.