产业集群成熟度模型及评价指标体系研究

Research on the Maturity Model and Evaluation Index System of Industry Cluster

充分认识各类产业集群的发展状态,对其成熟度进行科学评价具有重要的理论意义和实践意义。从集群生命周期的观点出发,以最大化发挥集群效应为标准,本文定义的产业集群成熟度是基于集群发展状态和发展水平的完善程度。通过对产业集群不同发展阶段的分析,将其主要特征变量概括为集群成长的三维结构,并在此基础上构建了产业集群成熟度模型。该模型由产业结构成熟度、产业规模成熟度和集群网络成熟度所表达。其中,产业结构成熟度取决于产业特色和产业关联;产业规模成熟度包括企业集聚规模和经济产出规模二个方面;集群网络成熟度则由交易网络、创新网络和社会资本网络所构成。通过对产业集群成熟度模型内涵的分析,提出了一个三级结构的产业集群成熟度评价指标体系。突出特色产业,加强产业关联,调控集群规模,培育集群网络,是产业集群充分发挥集群效应和健康成长的重要条件。

It is significant to recognize the state and evaluate the maturity of industry cluster. At the opinion of cluster life cycle and taking cluster effect as standard, the industry cluster maturity is defined the degree about the development state and lever of cluster. According to the different growth phase of industry cluster, the paper sums up its main characteristic into a three-dimensional structure framework and furthermore puts forward an industry cluster maturity model. In this mode, the cluster maturity can be described by the maturity of industry configuration, industry scale, and cluster network. The maturity of industry configuration lies on industry feature and industry relationship. The maturity of industry scale includes two aspects, enterprise amount and economic output scale of cluster. The maturity of cluster network is comprised of trade net, innovation net and social capital net. By analyzing the inner meaning of the maturity model, a three lever evaluation index system of industry cluster maturity is set up. Standing out industry feature, reinforcing industry relationship, adjusting and controlling cluster scale, and cultivating cluster network are important condition to promote cluster effect and cluster growth.