基于GIS的土地生态适宜性模糊综合评价

Fuzzy Comprehensive Evaluation of Ecological Suitability of Land Based on GIS

建立了基于GIS的土地生态适宜性模糊评价模型,并将其应用在阜新市土地生态适宜性分析中。将阜新市区的土地按利用方式划分为居住用地、工业用地、公共用地和绿化用地,选取16种最具代表性的生态因子作为评价因子,并对其进行量化分级,构建了多层次的土地适宜性评价指标体系。通过建立评价因子的隶属度函数和计算隶属度值,构成了隶属度矩阵并导入GIS数据库,从而使模糊评价法与GIS相互关联,实现了二者在相关评价数据上的过渡。运用AHP法确定了各层因子的权向量,结合隶属度矩阵综合评价后形成单一用地方式专题图,再将4张不同用地方式专题图在MapInfo中叠加,构成土地生态适宜性综合评价图。评价结果表明,阜新市区建设用地生态适宜性整体上适中,中部偏西、西南部和东北部偏低,东部相对较高。评价结果为阜新市区建设发展方向提供了科学依据。

An analysis model of ecological suitability of land is established based on GIS and Fuzzy Comprehensive Evaluation,which was applied in the analysis of the ecological suitability of land in Fuxin city.The land in Fuxin city is divided into residential space,industrial space,public space and green space in accordance with its using purpose.According to the using purpose of each type of the land,from a total of 16 types,the most representatives of sixteen ecological factors were selected as evaluating factors,quantified and classified to build a multi-level land suitability evaluation index system.Then,through the construction of the evaluation factor membership grad function and calculating the membership grad value of evaluating factors,the membership grad matrix were constituted and were attached into GIS databases,so as to enable fuzzy evaluation method and GIS to interrelate.Through AHP method,the weight of each factor was determined,and then through comprehensive assessing,a special subject plan was gained.By overlaying the four plans in MapInfo,a comprehensive assessing map of the ecological land suitability was obtained.The assessing results indicate that the ecological suitability of the land in Fuxin is moderate as a whole,rather low in the western,the south-western and north-eastern,relatively high in the eastern part of city.This study provides a scientific basis for the urban construction and development of Fuxin City.