《修辞学发凡》的倒装研究

Research on Inversion Discussed in an Introduction to Rhetoric

《修辞学发凡》论述倒装,定义不够明确,理论阐述篇幅小,对倒装结构本身的语言特点缺少具体描写,读者难以概括其20例的典型特征,难以确定典型例句。分"随语倒装"和"变言倒装"两类,但后来的修辞学著作一般不沿用。研究项目有定义、分类、举例、例句赏析、适用文体、修辞效果、附记等。论述模式是:定义+举例+赏析。其成就和不足皆可提醒后人:阐明所论修辞现象的典型特征、给出典型例句,可明确研究的对象和范围;分类应有明确的角度和标准;对修辞现象的结构作精细深入的描写,有利于揭示修辞现象的形式特点和功能。

In An Introduction to Rhetoric,there are 20 examples discussing inversion.However,because the definition of inversion is not exact,it is difficult for readers to summarize the representative characteristics and determine the typical illustrative sentence.This book divides inversion into two categories,but the later works of rhetoric generally don＇t follow this kind of classification.This book＇s research projects include the definition,the classification,the examples,the illustrative sentence appreciation,the suitable style,the rhetoric effect,the excursus and so on.Its basic discussing mode is：definition＋example＋appreciation.This book has only a little theoretical explanation,and it lacks of specific description on the characteristics of inversion structure.That its achievements and the deficiency can remind the later generation of rhetoric of determining the typical characteristics of the rhetoric phenomenon discussed is conducive to a clear definition,giving the typical illustrative sentences,helping determine the object and the scope of the rhetoric phenomenon discussed,classifying rhetoric phenomena that should have explicit angles and standards and describing the structure of a rhetoric phenomenon thoroughly is conducive to grasping its characteristics and rhetoric function.