互花米草入侵对闽江河口芦苇湿地土壤有机碳的影响

Effects of Spartina alterniflora invasion on soil organic carbon in the Phragmites australis estuary wetlands of Minjiang River

以闽江河口鳝鱼滩湿地为研究区域,选取芦苇和互花米草为研究对象,对其根际土壤有机碳质量分数和储量的垂直分布特征及其影响因子进行测定分析。结果表明：芦苇和互花米草0~60 cm根际土壤有机碳平均质量分数分别为15.54和17.16 g/kg,表层（0~10 cm）有机碳质量分数最大,分别为19.69和22.02 g/kg;芦苇和互花米草0~60 cm根际土壤有机碳储量总和分别为6 794.20和8 231.48 t/km2,芦苇根际土壤有机碳储量在30~40 cm达到最大,而互花米草为0~10 cm有机碳储量最大;互花米草的入侵增加了芦苇湿地根际土壤碳质量分数和储量;2种植物根际土壤有机碳质量分数与含水量和盐度之间均呈显著正相关。从闽江河口互花米草入侵的角度提出了管理该湿地的一些建议。

Shanyutan Wetland is the largest estuarine wetland in the Minjiang River estuary area.Soil samples of Phragmites australis and Spartina alterniflora in the Shanyutan Wetland were collected.The soil organic carbon contents,storages in the soil profiles and impact factor were measured and studied.The results indicated that the mean value of soil organic carbon content in rhizospheric soil（0 to 60cm） under Phragmites australis and Spartina alterniflora were 15.54 and 17.16g/kg respectively and the organic carbon content in the surface（0-10cm）were the highest,19.69 and 22.02g/kg respectively.The total value of organic carbon storages in rhizospheric soil（0 to 60cm） under Phragmites australis and Spartina alterniflora were 6794.20 and 8231.48t/km2 respectively.The organic carbon storages in the soil layer of 30-40cm under Phragmites australis is the highest,while the highest value of that under Spartina alterniflora emerges in the soil layer of 0-10cm. The invasion of Spartina alterniflora had increased rhizospheric soil organic carbon contents and storages of the wetland of indigenous Phragmites australis.The rhizospheric soil organic carbon content had a significant positive relationship with the moisture content and soil salinity.Considering the invasion of Spartina alterniflora,the author give some suggetions for the management of estuary wetlands of Minjiang River.