参数调整与焦作地区的两种小称变韵

Parameter Adjustment and Rime Change in Jiaozuo Diminutives

通过考察河南焦作地区两种小称变韵的各自特征和彼此间的关系,认为这两种小称是由不同的生成机制生成。表示同类中大者的Z变韵特征是后圆,是早一轮产生的小称变韵;表示同类中小者的儿化韵有两种特征,一种是前圆,一是后不圆,是在Z变韵基础上通过参数调整而生成,是晚一轮的小称变韵。两种小称变韵的共存和区别表达了人类更细致的区分两种小称的需要:用后圆特征来指称同类事物中较大者,并表示轻蔑和厌恶;用前圆和后展来表示同类事物中较小者,并表示亲密和喜爱。

This article analyzed the features of two diminutives in Jiaozuo dialects spoken in central China,Henan Province,and argued that they were from different mechanisms.＂Z Rime Change＂,which denoted the bigger one of the same things and features with backness and roundedness in all dialects in Jiaozuo,might be from the fusion of the＂z（i子）＂suffix into the preceding syllable.＂Er rime change＂,which denoted the smaller one of the same things,was generated based on ＂Z rime change＂by adjusting the values of two parameters,backness and roundedness.The co-existence and distinction of two diminutives in one dialect reflected people＇s requirement to finely distinguish two kinds of diminutives： favor and disgust.