汽车悬架上的扭杆弹簧及其应用

Torsion bar spring on the automotive suspension and application

扭杆弹簧由于结构简单、质量小,不需润滑等优点而得到广泛应用。随着新工艺、新技术的发展,扭杆弹簧最大工作应力已达到1 300MPa。扭杆弹簧一般应具有高的弹性极限、疲劳极限、冲击韧性及良好的热处理性能。扭杆弹簧加工过程中,切料应注意避免温度升高,镦锻时端部加热温度为950~1 000℃,镦锻后端部用退火炉加热并缓冷。铬锰弹簧钢淬火温度830~860℃,淬火冷却以垂直状态投入油中或用滚模压淬火,可防止或减小弯曲变形,应及时进行回火;为提高疲劳强度,一般应进行喷丸强化;为防止使用中的永久变形,按照负荷方向进行预扭试验,喷丸后的扭杆弹簧应及时涂漆防锈。

Torsion bar springs are used widely because of their simple structure,light quality and no need of lubricating advantages.With the development of new craftwork and technology,the maximum working stress of torsion bar has reached to 1300MPa.Normally it has high elastic limit,fatigue limit,impact toughness and good heat treatment performance.The temperature of cropping should be controlled during the process of torsion bar spring.The heat temperature of the end should be 950~1000℃ while upsetting,and the end with heating and cooling slowly by annealing furnace after upsetting.Cr-Mn spring steel＇s quenching temperature 830~860℃,quenching and cooling as verticality status into oil or roller die quenching can avoid or reduce bending deflection.Tempering timely and shot peening strengthing to increase fatigue intensity and taking pre-twist test by loading direction to avoid permanent deformation.Torsion bar spring after shot speening strength should be painted to deter rust.