灌溉定额对夏播裸燕麦产量和品质的影响

Effects of irrigation quota on yield and quality of summer-sown,naked oat

在大田条件下,采用随机区组设计,研究了不同灌溉定额对夏播裸燕麦白燕8号籽粒产量、籽粒品质、籽粒矿质元素含量和饲草品质的影响。结果表明,夏播裸燕麦灌溉定额为150mm的滴灌处理(W4)时籽粒产量最高,其次为W5(180mm)、CK(200mm)、W3(120mm)、W2(90mm)、W1(60mm)。灌溉定额较小的W1、W2、W3三处理的产量构成三要素均受到一定程度的影响,尤其是穗粒数和公顷穗数显著减少,造成产量显著降低。灌溉定额为120mm的滴灌处理(W3)品质最好,粗蛋白、粗脂肪和β-葡聚糖含量分别比传统灌溉处理(CK)提高4.53%,8.58%和18.29%,差异显著(P<0.05)。W3处理籽粒中钾、锌、铁、铜、锰含量均显著高于传统灌溉,钙、镁含量差异不显著。W3处理有较高的可消化干物质和相对饲用价值,分别比传统灌溉处理提高3.37%和9.28%,差异显著(P<0.05)。

Randomized block field experiments were conducted to determine the effects of irrigation quota on grain yield,quality,mineral element contents,and forage quality of naked oat（Avena sativa）.The highest grain yield was achieved with an irrigation quota of 150mm under drip irrigation（W4）,followed by W5,CK, W3,W2,W1.The main yield components were reduced to certain extent with less irrigation（treatments W1, W2,and W3）.Grains per spike and spike numbers/ha were significantly reduced,and led to a significant reduction in yield.The best grain quality was obtained with an irrigation quota of 120mm under drip irrigation conditions（W3）.Compared with the traditional irrigation treatment（CK）,crude protein,crude fat,and β-glucan content in W3 were increased by 4.53%,8.58% and 23.10% respectively（P〈0.05）.Potassium, zinc,iron,copper,and manganese levels of grains under W3 treatment were significantly higher than those of the traditional irrigation（CK）,but calcium and magnesium contents were not significantly different.The W3 treatment had better forage quality.Additionally,the digestible dry matter and relative feeding value of W3 were 3.37% and 9.28% higher than those of the CK（P〈0.05）.