受资源限制且带有缺货惩罚的季节性产品供应链协调

Seasonal Product Supply Chain Coordination with Resource Constraints and Lost Sale Penalty Cost

季节性产品供应链中,制造商受到资源限制时边际成本随产量递增,市场缺货时销售商面临缺货惩罚。以单个制造商和单个销售商组成的供应链为研究对象,首先分析了非合作状态下制造商和销售商最优决策行为,制造商根据销售商的订购量确定批发价格,并给出了集中控制下整个供应链系统的最优产量。接着建立了基于退货策略的协调模型,对合作状态下参与双方的决策行为进行了分析。结果表明,在退货策略激励下,销售商接受使供应链整体利润最优的产量决策,但在一定取值范围内制造商提供的批发价格和折价系数之间需满足正向变化的约束。此时,合作双方达到了"双赢",从而有效地协调了供应链。最后,进行了数值分析,验证了结果的有效性。

In seasonal product supply chain,the manufacturer＇s marginal cost increases with outputs with resources constraints,and the retailer would be charge with lost sale cost when shortages happen.In this paper,a two-stage supply chain consisted of single manufacturer and single retailer is chosen as the research object.Firstly both manufacturer＇s and retailer＇s optimal decision behaviors are analyzed under non-cooperative state.The manufacturer will determine the wholesale price according to order quantity.Then,the optimal decision behavior of the centralized supply chain is given.Secondly,a coordination model based on the return policy is established and the decision-making behaviors of both parties are analyzed under cooperative state.The results show that in the incentives of returning strategic,the retailer accepts the optimal production decision-making on the whole,but the relationship between the manufacturer＇s wholesale price and discount factor need to satisfy positive-change constraints within a certain range.At this point,the partners reached ＂win-win＂ and thus the effective coordination of the supply chain can be obtained.Finally,we carry out numerical analysis to verify the validity of the results.